Historically, the prognosis for dogs with stage II Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumors has been considered poor.
The aim of this study was to explore the impact of lymphadenectomy on outcomes in dogs with Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumors and overt regional lymph node metastasis.
Data from dogs with completely staged Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumors with overt and/or certain regional lymph node metastasis undergoing excision of the primary tumors and adjuvant medical treatment were extracted. Dogs with a cytological diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis that did not undergo lymphadenectomy were compared with dogs that underwent lymphadenectomy and had a histological diagnosis of overt lymph node metastasis.
Forty-nine dogs were included, 18 did not undergo lymphadenectomy while 31 underwent lymphadenectomy. Median time to progression was significantly shorter in dogs that did not undergo lymphadenectomy (150 days, 95% confidence interval: 129 to 170) compared to the other dogs (229 days, 95% confidence interval: 191 to 266). Median survival time was also shorter in dogs that did not undergo lymphadenectomy (250 days, 95% confidence interval: 191 to 308) compared to dogs that underwent lymphadenectomy (371 days, 95% confidence interval: 311 to 430). On multivariable analysis, lack of lymphadenectomy was associated with a higher risk of overall tumor progression (hazard ratio: 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.02 to 4.13), nodal progression (hazard ratio: 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.65 to 7.02) and tumor-related death (hazard ratio 3.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.72 to 7.66), whereas tumor size was associated with a higher risk of local recurrence (hazard ratio: 3.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 13).
Regional lymphadenectomy may improve outcomes in dogs with biologically aggressive cutaneous mast cell tumors
“Lymphadenectomy improves outcome in dogs with resected Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumours and overtly metastatic regional lymph nodes”. C Chalfon, et al. J Small Anim Pract. 2022 Jun 22. doi: 10.1111/jsap.13525.
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