Expression profile of immunoregulatory factors in canine tumors
LGALS9 and CD48 were expressed in most canine tumors
Cancers utilize a variety of molecules to escape host immune responses. Having a better understanding of the immune environment surrounding cancer may facilitate application of innovative cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, in dogs as well as humans.
In this study, the authors screened the expression of 20 immune regulatory molecules in diverse canine tumors (n = 59).
Quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that some immune regulatory molecules, such as LGALS9 (coding Galectin-9) and CD48, were expressed in most canine tumors, but other molecules, such as CD274 (coding PD-L1), IL4I1, PVR, TNFSF18, ICOSLG, and TNFSF4, were rarely expressed. NECTIN2 was highly expressed in epithelial tumors but was low in non-epithelial tumors.
In contrast, VSIR and CD200 expressions were low in epithelial tumors but high in non-epithelial tumors. Interestingly, several tumors expressed distinctive immunoregulatory factors.
Hepatocellular carcinomas expressed FGL1, mast cell tumors expressed PDCD1LG2 (coding PD-L2), transitional cell carcinomas expressed VTCN1 (coding B7x), and lymphomas and squamous cell carcinomas expressed CD70. Consistent with qPCR results, immunofluorescence staining confirmed that hepatocellular carcinomas expressed FGL-1 protein.
The study authors said findings revealed the expression profile of immunoregulatory molecules in canine tumors, opening the door to a better understanding of the relationship between canine tumors and host immunity.
Kohei Murakami, et al. “Expression profile of immunoregulatory factors in canine tumors.” Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. Volume 253, November 2022, 110505.
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