Zurich mini cementless total hip arthroplasty in dogs and cats
Objective: This report aims to describe implant characteristics and procedure for implantation, and comment on and report the clinical outcomes in small dogs and cats using the new Zurich mini cementless total hip system.
Methods: This study involved 8 cats and 42 dogs, with 3 cats and 6 dogs having bilateral total hip arthroplasties (THA). The mean body weight for cats was 6.5 kg, and the mean body weight for dogs was 9.2 kg. In the group of THAs in cats, capital physeal fracture was the reason for performing a THA in six cases (60%), hip dysplasia was the underlying reason in four cases (30%) and hip luxation in one case (10%). Among the 48 THAs in dogs, hip dysplasia was the underlying cause for performing THA in 27 cases (56%), avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 12 cases (25%), traumatic luxation with underlying hip dysplasia in 4 cases (8.5%), capital physeal fracture in 4 cases (8.5%), and traumatic femoral head fracture in 1 adult dog (2%).
Results: All dogs' radiographic and clinical follow-up examinations had a mean follow-up time of 7 months (SD: 4.51) and a median follow-up time of 8 months, with a range of 2 to 17 months and were available in all 48 cases (100%). All cats' radiographic and clinical follow-up examinations had a mean follow-up time of 9.4 months (SD: 4.23) and a median follow-up time of 10 months, with a range of 4 to 16 months and were available in all 11 cases (100%). Implant position and orientation were evaluated in the follow-up radiographs and no changes were noted compared with postoperative radiographs, except for the two below cases of cup dislodgement and loosening. Postoperative complications occurred in six dogs (12.5%) and one cat (9%). The remaining 52 cases showed normal gait at the last follow-up, without lameness or pain on manipulation of the operated leg.
In total, seven postoperative complications were encountered (12%), and all were solved without the need for the explanting of the prosthesis, except for one case because the owner were unwilling to have their dog undergo a revision.
Conclusion: Our clinical experience demonstrated that the Cementless Z-Mini THR system is technically feasible and efficacious both in cats and small and toy breed dogs. While a long-term follow-up study would be required to establish the longevity of the implants, their osseointegration was apparent at the 2 to 3 months postoperative radiographs and remained stable in all the cases with long-term follow-up radiographs (12 months or longer in 26 cases). The surgical technique was like the standard Cementless Zurich total hip system, with dedicated instrumentation requiring extreme precision in preparation and surgical execution.
Aldo Vezzoni, Simona Boano, Alyssa Sacristani, Stephen Bresina and Otto I. Lanz. "Zurich Mini Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in 42 Small Breed Dogs and 8 Cats: Surgical Technique and Outcomes." VCOT Open. 2023; 06(01): e22-e36. DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761600
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