Intestinal surgery of adult cattle

Three factors influence bovine intestinal surgery: anatomy, surgical approach, and anesthesia/analgesia. In cattle, the forestomachs occupy most of the abdominal compartment.

In late pregnant cows, the uterus occupies much of the remainder of abdominal space. The remainder of the gastrointestinal tract is limited by space and influenced by abnormalities of the forestomachs and uterus. The cranial part of the descending duodenum courses cranially from the pylorus to the ansa sigmoidea duodenalis medial to the liver. The descending duodenum courses caudally, wraps around the omental curtain, and turns cranially as the ascending duodenum.

This portion of the duodenum courses cranial to the root of the mesentery medial to the omentum and joins the jejunum. The entire duodenum is contained by two mesenteries: mesoduodenum and omentum. The jejunum is restricted by a short mesentery except for the distal third of the jejunum and proximal segment of the ileum, which are suspended by a long mesenteric segment often referred to as the “jejunoileal flange.” This segment can be exteriorized from the abdomen easily, but the remainder of the jejunum and ileum are poorly exteriorized because of the short mesentery.

Authors: David E. Anderson, Jennifer M. Ivany Ewoldt

Source: https://www.vetfood.theclinics.com/

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