Articles Companion animals

30 July 2026

Risk Factors Associated with Azotemia in Dogs Presented to the Chiang Mai University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Thailand A Retrospective Study (2017-2021).

Clinical evidence update from Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

Clinical Context

Peer-reviewed veterinary literature continues to shape everyday decision-making for canine patients, especially when new evidence clarifies diagnosis, treatment selection, monitoring, or clinical outcomes.

What the Study Evaluated

A study published in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI in 2025 evaluated risk Factors Associated with Azotemia in Dogs Presented to the Chiang Mai University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Thailand: A Retrospective Study (2017-2021)..

Key Findings

Kidney disorders in dogs are frequently observed but remain underexplored in Chiang Mai, Thailand. This retrospective study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with azotemia in dogs presented to the Chiang Mai University Small Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital between May 2017 and December 2021. Medical and laboratory records from 16,146 dogs were reviewed, and demographic, lifestyle, hematologic, and biochemical factors were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression to determine associations with azotemia. Overall, 3505 dogs (21.7%) were classified as azotemic, of which 43.5% had...

Why It Matters for Veterinary Professionals

For veterinary professionals, the practical value of this work lies in how the findings may support more structured clinical assessment, clearer monitoring, and more informed decisions for canine patients.

Practical Interpretation

The results should be interpreted in the context of the study design, population, inclusion criteria, and clinical setting. Application in practice should consider patient-specific risk factors, available diagnostics, local standards of care, and clinician judgment.

Clinical Takeaway

Overall, the study adds useful evidence for clinicians seeking to align daily practice with current veterinary research while maintaining a balanced, case-by-case approach.

Read the full article here.

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Risk Factors Associated with Azotemia in Dogs Presented to the Chiang Mai University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Thailand A Retrospective Study (2017-2021).

Clinical evidence update from Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

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