Risk factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter complications in cats hospitalized
This research aimed to identify risk factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit (CCU).
This prospective, observational study was performed at a single veterinary teaching hospital between October 2022 and September 2023. Cats hospitalized in the CCU for ≥ 24 hours were evaluated for enrollment. Peripheral intravenous catheters were placed by trained personnel following a standardized protocol and monitored for complications. PIVC complications were classified as extravasation, phlebitis, dislodgement, occlusion, line breakage, or patient removal.
One hundred and twenty cats were included. Median PIVC dwell time was 42.25 hours (range, 24.25 to 164.25 hours). Overall PIVC complication rate was 18.3% (22/120), with extravasation (7/120 [5.8%]) and dislodgement (7/120 [5.8%]) being the most frequently recorded complications. Multivariable analysis identified that for each kilogram increase in body weight there is a higher likelihood of a PIVC complication (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.05; P = .03). Additionally, use of a larger-gauge (20-gauge vs 22-gauge) PIVC is associated with a significantly lower likelihood of a PIVC complication (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.56; P = .006).
These results suggest that smaller-gauge (22-gauge) PIVCs and greater body weights are associated with an increased risk of complications in cats hospitalized in the CCU. When possible, a larger-gauge (20-gauge) PIVC should be placed in cats admitted to the CCU.
“Smaller-gauge catheters and greater body weights are associated with increased risk of peripheral intravenous catheter complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit”. Kyle L Granger, et al. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Apr 10:1-8. doi: 10.2460/javma.23.12.0717.
Source: https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/aop/javma.23.12.0717/javma.23.12.0717.xml
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