Novel association of gluten sensitivity with immune-mediated neuromuscular syndrome in a dog
Gluten-related disorders in humans comprise different entities, including celiac disease. Patients typically have measurable titers of anti-gliadin IgG or IgA (AGAs) and anti-transglutaminase-2 IgA (TG2). In addition to intestinal symptoms, human patients often show various neurological complications. In dogs, the neurological manifestation is rarely reported.
This study, published in December 2022 in Neuromuscular Disorders, describes the muscle and nerve biopsies of an 11-year-old, male Border Terrier presenting with lower motor neuron signs submitted for histological examination.
Examination of the biopsies showed an oligofocal lymphohistiocytic and plasmocytic myositis and a diffuse neuropathy of mixed nodo-paranodal and demyelinating type. Suspecting a neuromuscular form of breed-related gluten hypersensitivity, measurements of AGAs and TG2 antibodies were performed. Both titers ranged above control values. A gluten-related neuromyopathy was diagnosed.
Clinicians prescribed a gluten-free diet and observed a complete disappearance of clinical signs. Gluten-related disorders should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs with intestinal and neuromuscular signs.
Ninja Kolb, et al. “Novel association of gluten sensitivity with immune-mediated neuromuscular syndrome in a dog.” Neuromuscul Disord. 2022 Jun 26; S0960-8966(22)00193-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmd.2022.06.007
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