Clinical characteristics, outcome in dogs treated with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy for nonfunctional sellar masses
The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features, neurological examination findings, diagnostic imaging results, histopathological findings and outcome following transsphenoidal hypophysectomy (TSH) in dogs with nonfunctional sellar masses (NFSM).
Medical records of dogs that underwent TSH for a NFSM were reviewed for clinical signs, physical and neurological examination findings, diagnostic imaging results, endocrine testing, surgery reports and outcome. Magnetic resonance imaging was rereviewed, and tumors were classified using the previously described system according to pituitary tumor extension and vascular involvement. Researchers followed up with owners of dogs that survived to discharge.
Results showed that the majority of dogs, or 12 of 15, presented for mentation change. The mean pituitary to brain ratio was 1.05. Eight dogs had a tumor imaging classification of 5B. Eleven dogs were diagnosed with a nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA). Perioperative mortality was 33%.
The median survival for all dogs was 232 days. When dogs that did not survive to discharge were excluded, the median survival time was 708 days. Seven of 10 dogs that survived the perioperative period received adjunctive therapy. Owner assessment of outcome was excellent to good.
In conclusion, the common presenting complaint for dogs with large NFSM causing mass effect was mentation changes. Dogs with NFPA that survived to discharge and received adjunctive therapy had good to excellent outcomes.
Brittany R Hyde, et al. “Clinical characteristics and outcome in 15 dogs treated with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy for nonfunctional sellar masses.” Vet Surg. November 23, 2022. doi: 10.1111/vsu.13917.
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