Circumcaval ureter in ferrets
Circumcaval ureter is an anomaly in the development of the caudal vena cava, rarely reported in ferrets.
Inclusion criteria for ferrets were circumcaval ureter confirmed on surgery or post-mortem examination. Data collection of ferrets with circumcaval ureters presented between January 2014 and January 2021 included signalment, medical history, clinical signs, laboratory diagnostics, diagnostic imaging results, treatments, and clinical outcomes.
Two ferrets met the inclusion criteria. One presented following diarrhea, and one was found on routine examination that revealed a right nephromegaly. Abdominal ultrasound revealed severe unilateral hydronephrosis associated with hydroureter in both ferrets. No obvious cause of obstruction was identified. Biochemical results were unremarkable in both patients. Hydronephrosis was investigated through CT scans, revealing Type 1 circumcaval ureter in both ferrets. Section and relocation of the right ureter by uretero-vesical anastomosis were performed in one ferret. This ferret died 48 hours later following a nephrectomy performed due to persistent hydronephrosis. The second case underwent right nephrectomy and ureter resection due to severe hydronephrosis and stenosis of the circuncaval segment. This ferret has remained healthy on follow-up with no abnormalities found in biochemistries or ultrasound examination.
Findings suggest that circumcaval ureter should be suspected in ferrets with unilateral hydronephrosis and associated hydroureter without any identified cause of obstruction on abdominal ultrasonography. It should be confirmed with a CT scan and/or urography and treated surgically.\
“Circumcaval ureter in two ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)”. Cécile Bernhard, et al. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, Volume 42, June 2022, Pages 42-46.
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