Key aspects of feline aortic thromboembolism

Feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE) is commonly encountered in clinical medicine, especially in emergency situations. This often devastating syndrome usually develops secondarily to severe heart disease, and has short- and long-term consequences.

This article, aimed at small animal veterinarians, including emergency practitioners, reviews key aspects of the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options for FATE, with a view to guiding client and veterinarian decision-making.

The clinical presentation of FATE is consistent with peripheral ischemic neuropathy, usually in both pelvic limbs. Diagnosis is relatively straightforward, but can be assisted with Doppler ultrasound, point-of-care ultrasound or infrared thermal imaging.

Interpretation of survival rates in cats with FATE has been hampered by historically high admission euthanasia, but recent studies suggest a survival rate with supportive care of 30-40%. Moreover, with advances in post-FATE thromboprophylaxis, median survival times of over 1 year are being achieved. Future directions include use of thrombolytic agents and treatment of common FATE sequelae such as acute kidney injury and reperfusion injury.

There are limited prospective studies on FATE, although the recent literature reflects a resurgence in clinical research interest in the past few years. Advances in FATE treatment will benefit many cats and it is important that research efforts continue to identify appropriate treatment modalities.

“Feline Aortic Thromboembolism: Recent advances and future prospects”. Julien Guillaumin, et al. J Feline Med Surg. 2024 Jun;26(6):1098612X241257878.

Source: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X241257878

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